18-26: Legionnaires’ Disease Risk Management: First Requirement for Cooling Sidestream Softening

18-26: Legionnaires’ Disease Risk Management: First Requirement for Cooling Sidestream SofteningIt is usually recognized that a Cooling Tower System needs water treatments and a maintenance program to prevent the transmission of Legionnaires Disease. Is it enough? Referring to the ecology of Legionella pneumophila in the water system, various case studies, standards or guidelines, the author will illustrate how a risk analysis and consequently a risk management program are the first requirements for operating a Cooling Tower System safely.

have been explained briefly in the paper so that agencies party to PG tests can take an informed decision vis a vis the test conditions of the cold end system as a whole

cleaned up algal masses and reduced biofilms in the cooling systems

resonant frequency concerns and other important parameters

and 3) methods for preventing or correcting these problems

environmental impacts

The method has been proven reliable for determining viable cell concentrations of Legionella pneumophila

or water chemistry is just one of several variables contributing the failure

Surface blisters were noticed in two of the new towers after 2 to 18 months of operation

In the wake of this requirement

Construction contacts on field erected cooling towers have two major types of cost: fixed and variable

and problem areas to watch for that can cause errors in test results

the materials of construction (stainless steel) and the concentration potential for any and all types of organic contamination